はんだごてのこて先

まず、どのようなはんだ付けをしようとしているのかを考えるとともに、はんだごてのこて先の構造を理解する必要があります。

すべてのはんだごてのこて先は銅でできており、多くの場合、こて先全体に鉄のメッキが施され、さらに機能しない部分にクロムのメッキが施されています。一昔前までは、はんだごてのこて先は銅製でメッキが施されていませんでした。はんだは徐々に銅を溶かすので、こて先は穴があいたり、形が崩れたりしました。

薄い鉄メッキはその問題を解決し（鉄ははんだに溶けやすいが、はんだには溶けにくい）、こて先を長持ちさせることができました。クロムメッキはハンダに濡れにくく、酸化しにくい性質があります。こて先の鉄メッキ部分は、はんだ付けに使用します。

最近の鉛フリーはんだは錫の含有量が多く、はんだ付け温度が高いため、こて先の摩耗が進みます（錫は他の金属を溶かす性質があります）。

=== どんな種類の半田付けか===

The best tip for you depends on what you are trying to do and the condition of the joint. Let's dig in.

• 2本のワイヤーをつなぐ
  • より太い線は、こて先の熱容量とサイズ、およびこて先からの出力が必要です。

• AWG 20以下: Conical, Beveled, Wedge

*** AWG 18以上: Beveled, Wedge

• プリント基板（PCBまたはPWB）へのはんだ付け
  • スルーホールデバイス（シャープペンシルで芯径を比較できます。）
    • タブや太い(0.75mm)リードのある大型デバイスBeveled, Wedge
    • 通常のリード線(0.5mm)を持つ小型デバイス: Conical, Beveled, Wedge
  • 表面実装デバイス（SMD）
    • 複数のリードを持つSMDのドラッグはんだ付け: Conical, Beveled, Wedge, Knife, Bent
    • ポイントはんだ付け: Beveled (小), Wedge (小), Bent
    • ダイオードや抵抗などのSMDをはんだ付けする場合: Conical, Beveled, Wedge
• 接合部へのアクセス制限
  • デバイスが近くに集まっている: Conical (小), Needle, Bent (小)
  • より大きなデバイスは対象デバイスを囲む: Needle
• リード線間の距離が小さい表面実装デバイスのはんだ付け: Wedge (small), Needle, Bent
• Repairing a solder bridge: Beveled, Wedge, Knife
• Are you tinning component leads or wires? Beveled, Hoof, (possibly Wedge)
• Are you desoldering items with braids?
  • Large devices with tabs or thick (0.75 mm) leads: Beveled (large), Wedge
  • Small devices with normal (0.5 mm) leads: Beveled, Wedge

As you might notice, the Beveled and Wedge tips have great utility and are both a good general purpose choice, closely followed by the conical tip for general purpose smaller work.

Below is a list of some tip types and their characteristics and suitability. Many times, more than one type will be suitable for a given job.

The names shown are merely common; there is no standard. We've included other common names to help with identification.

Also, while the tips are organized by shape, you can obtain different sizes of each shape, which affects suitability for a given job. Larger tips will be suitable for larger jobs, as long as the soldering iron has sufficient wattage to heat the joint.

There are somewhat accepted letter codes for each shape and those are indicated alongside the name.

Known Aliases: Cone, Round Cone

A good general purpose starter tip, this and the chisel shape are often found as the default tip. Frequently the side of the conical tip is used for soldering, as the very tip is often less efficient for heat transfer and runs cooler. Some conical tips will have a rounded off end which improves heat transfer in general use.

Known Aliases: Chisel, Hoof (unusual)

Essentially a conical tip with a bevel on the end, it can be used for general soldering, and provides a useful flat spot for better heat transfer. It is especially helpful for heating contact pads on PCBs while providing heat transfer to the leads as well. In combination with the chisel shape, it provides more soldering angles to the user. This tip can also be found with a straight shank rather than a cone. You may even encounter tips which are only iron plated on the face of the bevel.

Known Aliases: Chisel, Screwdriver

This shape is probably the most generally useful tip alongside the bevel shape, as it has both a wide flat profile and a narrow tip. The wide contact area makes this especially useful as the narrow tip is better suited to heat transfer than the point of a conical tip.

Used for very precise small work, they are suitable only for small joints as they cannot transfer a large amount of heat as their thermal mass is small. They can also reach in among crowded small components.

These tips allow you to reach into areas that would be more difficult with a straight tip. They also allow the tip to be used for drag soldering. They are usually made from needle or chisel points.

The knife shape looks like a small razor knife with a sharp beveled point. It is used mainly for repairing solder bridges and also for drag soldering. It can also be used for removing some kinds of flux residue, and cutting through shrink tubing.

The hoof or hollow point is very useful for soldering where a bead of solder is spread along while new solder is fed into the tip. A variation is the grooved point, which is like a chisel point with a notch out of one side. This works well for tinning leads, and any sort of "moving" type solder technique. Some tips are based on a bevel point with the center of the bevel hollowed out.

Soldering Glossary of Terms

How to Solder and Desolder Connections

Soldering Iron Not Melting Solder

Soldering Iron Not Heating

Soldering Materials 101

Soldering Best Practices

Here is a Conical], Beveled, Wedge

• AWG 18 and larger: Beveled, Wedge
• Soldering on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB or PWB)
  • Through hole devices (You can use a mechanical pencil to compare the lead diameter)
    • Large devices with tabs or thick (0.75 mm) leads: Beveled, Wedge
    • Small devices with normal (0.5 mm) leads: Conical, Beveled, Wedge
  • Surface mount devices (SMD)
    • Drag soldering on a SMD with multiple leads: Conical, Beveled, Wedge, Knife, Bent
    • Point soldering: Beveled (small), Wedge (small), Bent
    • Soldering a discrete SMD like a diode or resistor: Conical, Beveled, Wedge
• Limited access to the joint
  • Devices are clustered close together: Conical (small), Needle, Bent (small)
  • Larger devices surround the device of interest: Needle
• Soldering surface mount devices with small distances between leads: Wedge (small), Needle, Bent
• Repairing a solder bridge: Beveled, Wedge, Knife
• Are you tinning component leads or wires? Beveled, Hoof, (possibly Wedge)
• Are you desoldering items with braids?
  • Large devices with tabs or thick (0.75 mm) leads: Beveled (large), Wedge
  • Small devices with normal (0.5 mm) leads: Beveled, Wedge

As you might notice, the Beveled and Wedge tips have great utility and are both a good general purpose choice, closely followed by the conical tip for general purpose smaller work.

Below is a list of some tip types and their characteristics and suitability. Many times, more than one type will be suitable for a given job.

The names shown are merely common; there is no standard. We've included other common names to help with identification.

Also, while the tips are organized by shape, you can obtain different sizes of each shape, which affects suitability for a given job. Larger tips will be suitable for larger jobs, as long as the soldering iron has sufficient wattage to heat the joint.

There are somewhat accepted letter codes for each shape and those are indicated alongside the name.

Known Aliases: Cone, Round Cone

A good general purpose starter tip, this and the chisel shape are often found as the default tip. Frequently the side of the conical tip is used for soldering, as the very tip is often less efficient for heat transfer and runs cooler. Some conical tips will have a rounded off end which improves heat transfer in general use.

Known Aliases: Chisel, Hoof (unusual)

Essentially a conical tip with a bevel on the end, it can be used for general soldering, and provides a useful flat spot for better heat transfer. It is especially helpful for heating contact pads on PCBs while providing heat transfer to the leads as well. In combination with the chisel shape, it provides more soldering angles to the user. This tip can also be found with a straight shank rather than a cone. You may even encounter tips which are only iron plated on the face of the bevel.

Known Aliases: Chisel, Screwdriver

This shape is probably the most generally useful tip alongside the bevel shape, as it has both a wide flat profile and a narrow tip. The wide contact area makes this especially useful as the narrow tip is better suited to heat transfer than the point of a conical tip.

Used for very precise small work, they are suitable only for small joints as they cannot transfer a large amount of heat as their thermal mass is small. They can also reach in among crowded small components.

These tips allow you to reach into areas that would be more difficult with a straight tip. They also allow the tip to be used for drag soldering. They are usually made from needle or chisel points.

The knife shape looks like a small razor knife with a sharp beveled point. It is used mainly for repairing solder bridges and also for drag soldering. It can also be used for removing some kinds of flux residue, and cutting through shrink tubing.

The hoof or hollow point is very useful for soldering where a bead of solder is spread along while new solder is fed into the tip. A variation is the grooved point, which is like a chisel point with a notch out of one side. This works well for tinning leads, and any sort of "moving" type solder technique. Some tips are based on a bevel point with the center of the bevel hollowed out.

Soldering Glossary of Terms

How to Solder and Desolder Connections

Soldering Iron Not Melting Solder

Soldering Iron Not Heating

Soldering Materials 101

Soldering Best Practices

Here is a link to a very informative page on soldering tip shapes from Hakko Incorporated. Hakko is a manufacturer of professional grade soldering equipment.

Here is a link to a page on soldering iron tips from Tameson, an industrial supply company.

Here is a link to a useful page about soldering iron tips from ElectronicsHub that also has tips about soldering as well.php?seq=171|link to a very informative page] on soldering tip shapes from Hakko Incorporated. Hakko is a manufacturer of professional grade soldering equipment.

Here is a link to a page on soldering iron tips from Tameson, an industrial supply company.

Here is a link to a useful page about soldering iron tips from ElectronicsHub that also has tips about soldering as well.