@lucashendler sure looks like a thermal pad. It should not require any thermal paste. It also seems to work since the temp on your Thinkpad appear to be normal. As for the noise of the fan, I would check the RPM of the fan and see what it is running at and what the temps are. Maybe you just have a loud fan.
Not sure if your Lenovo has monitoring software for the fan and the temps. For the few repairs I do, I use Open Hardware Monitor and/or HWMonitor because those are free. I like free ;-)