Phone not charging after charging port replacement

First of all, you don’t really know for certain if your replacement charge port is fully functional or not. It is possible that it is defective, which is not uncommon for “small parts”.

So I would try to reconnect the original charge port because it did work somewhat before. You don’t need to remove the old one, just disconnect it and plug the original back in (always disconnect the battery first!). If that works then try the replacement again to see if the problem persists.

As for charging problems in general, I always start with known-good cables and charger first, battery second, charge port third and if all of those don’t solve the problem, then consider a logic board failure.