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  1. 雅达利 2600拆解, 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 1、 1の画像 1
    • 雅达利2600配件有变压器和那个标志性的摇杆。

    • 2600的前面是木头吗?你答对了,同学。

    • 现在的游戏主机已经不用这种用木头来营造家装的感觉了,但有的公司依然相信这种设计美学。

    • 当初2600的发售价是199美元,相当于现在的696美元,相比PS3发售时仅要599美元,简直是大降价啦!

    • 当玩家知道2600不仅仅能玩乒乓的时候,2600获得了巨大的成功,发售量从1977年的25万台激增到1979年的100万台.

    The Playstation 3 comparison should include the fact that the 2600 came with controllers for two players (two joystick and two paddles) and a bundled game. Adding an extra controller and game would make the inflation-adjusted Playstation price nearly the same as the Atari.

    Jonathan Kagle - 返信

  2. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 2、 1の画像 1
    • 从发售的1977年到1983年,雅达利2600官方名称是视频电脑系统,对应仙童半导体公司的视频娱乐系统,后面这个机器重新命名为它的型号,CX2600。

    • 不同于内建游戏的其他主机像Magnavox Odyssey 100,雅达利用可拆卸的卡带存储游戏,像太空侵略者吃豆人陷阱

    • 每个玩家都能通过难度转换开关来选择难度,但究竟是A比较难还是B比较难呢?(A比较难--见评论解析,译者注)

    In regards to the difficulty switches, switching to "B" was the easier setting and switching to "A" was the harder setting. Some examples:

    Missile Command:

    A: Make the missiles you launch slower

    B: Make the missiles you launch faster

    Space Invaders:

    A: Makes your base bigger (and most likely to be hit)

    B: Makes your base smaller

    Asteroids:

    A: UFOs appear

    B: UFOs does not appear

    Hopefully the information I provided here will help those confused with the difficulty switches.

    Jon Fukumoto - 返信

    The "anyone's guess" comment was inappropriate. The system owner's manual mentions in section 5 that position "A" is generally more difficult than position "B". Every game instruction manual described exactly what the functions of the difficulty switches were for that game, if they did anything at all. There are a few games which were inadvertently made with difficulty settings reversed from the standard.

    ajfranzman - 返信

    Dude. No one cares.

    Project Mayhem -

    I care deeply. But where is the switch? Is it underneath the console?

    helga.leske - 返信

    On the console shown in this article, difficulty switches are on the back upper edge (visible above the cartridge port in the photo above at Step 2 of this guide). This puts each player’s difficulty switch just inboard of his or her controller port.

    On consoles with 6 silver-colored front panel switches, the switch nearest the cartridge port on each side is the difficulty switch.

    ajfranzman -

  3. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 3、 2の画像 1 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 3、 2の画像 2
    • 四颗螺丝固定背板。

    • 背板的螺丝固定角度太奇葩了,要用接近30度的角度扭出。

    • 这么大个主机,里面肯定有很多电子元件吧。。。

  4. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 4、 1の画像 1
    • 哎呀,我去,就给我看这个???外壳设计组一定想给主板设计组自由飞翔的空间吧(事实上这是第三版的硬件设计,第一版的内容肯定更多)。

    • Jay Miner将显示和音频芯片集成到一块集成电路里面来节省主板面积,但这个外壳体积也大得夸张了吧。

    • 这是我从来没有见过的设计,主板与水平面有30度左右的倾角,这也解释了外壳螺丝倾斜的现象。

    The case design seems unusual even when you consider the original, 6-switch model. See here: http://www.longhornengineer.com/Videomod...

    cityzen - 返信

    The reason for the case being so large was that originally it included two speakers for stereo audio output. These were deleted at the last minute in favor of mono audio through the TV as a cost-saving measure, but the very earliest 6-switch consoles have circular-layout speaker slots in the top and support posts cast into the case bottom. In fact, it took Atari quite a long time to completely close off the speaker slots, as even some of the 4-switch models (like the one used here) still have them. I've even seen case tops with speaker slots on only one side!

    ajfranzman -

    Here's a much better picture of the insides of a 6-switcher: http://oldcomputers.net/atari-vcs.html

    I guess that the round tripods near the front of the case were for holding the speakers.

    cityzen -

    This photo should be replaced, as it shows incorrect routing of the RF cable (apparently someone has opened this console before). From the RCA socket on the motherboard, the cable should be placed thus: first, it should go toward the *front* of the console (from a player's perspective; i.e. "southwest" as the console is positioned in the present photo) alongside the main EMI shield, and between that shield and the RF modulator unit. Then it should turn 90 degrees toward the player's right and be pressed into the slot in the top of the fat round post. Then it should make another gentle 90 degree turn to head toward the rear of the console and be pressed in place between the small hollow post and the fin beside it, which supports the case top. Proceeding rearward, the cable may either be pressed between the pair of fins, or between the rightmost fin and the case side (as the pair of fins are actually a bit too close to one another) before winding around the remaining plastic bits to finally make its exit from the rear of the case.

    ajfranzman - 返信

  5. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 5、 3の画像 1 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 5、 3の画像 2 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 5、 3の画像 3
    • 震惊连接线竟然不是焊在主板上的,(学学吧Studio II)RCA Studio II的线很容易扯断。

    • 除了刚打开外壳的那几颗螺丝意外没有卡口和螺丝固定主板,非常轻松取出主板。

    • 主板尺寸:24.765cm x 13.335cm,外壳尺寸:34.925cm x 24.765cm。

    • 外壳面积是主板的2.6倍大!

  6. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 6、 3の画像 1 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 6、 3の画像 2 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 6、 3の画像 3
    • 2600主板上有一大块金属罩,很像芯片上的电磁屏蔽罩。

    • 我们努力想打开2600大脑的愿望被四个金属锁扣给挡住了。

    • 用钳子扭几下就把屏蔽罩给拆了。

    • 给雅达利+1分(可维修指数),因为它没有吧屏蔽罩焊在主板上,不像最近某些厂商一样

  7. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 7、 1の画像 1
    • 机器的大脑!

    • 雅达利2600的配置

    • 1.19MHz 8位处理器

    • 128 bytes 内存

    • 192 x 160 像素分辨率

    • 128色,最多4色每线

    • 2条单声道

    • 不像早期的游戏主机——游戏存储在机器内部,2600把游戏存储在卡带里面的只可读内存(ROM)中,所以理论上你可以玩到无限多的游戏。

    The three main chips are socketed (!) for easy replacement.

    Jonathan Kagle - 返信

    Yes, socketing the chips DID make replacement easy. However, because they are of the DIP (Dual Inline Package) design, they have one annoying flaw: They tend to "walk" out of the sockets over time. Here's how it happens: When you turn the system on and off, the internal circuitry heats up and cools down. This causes expansion when heated, and contraction when cooled. Over a period of time, this causes the chips to "walk" out of the sockets, causing bad contact and the system will fail to power up. The solution is to open it up and reseat the chips back into the socket. This is one annoying thing about that design. The original IBM PC had a lot of sockets for its memory, and when the event I described happens, the computer would refuse to power up. That's the reason why SIMMs and DIMMs were introduced.

    Jon Fukumoto -

    It's interesting to note that the 6507 was a 6502 with some data lines deleted. This meant that the 2600 can only access up to 4K. However, some companies used a bank switching technique, so some cartridges had as much as 16K! That was quite a bit in those days, as memory was pretty expensive.

    Jon Fukumoto - 返信

  8. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 8、 1の画像 1
    • 上面两个芯片是6532 内存I / O定时器和MOS科技的6507 CPU(精简版6502)现在这个硬件版本是由Synertek和Rockwell分别生产的。

    • 雅达利的定制芯片 电视界面适配器(TIA)是雅达利的赚钱利器,它能增强显示和声音效果,让更多颜色显示在屏幕上。

    • 2600设计的时代内存太贵了,视频处理器没有安装外部内存,导致CPU处理完的数据只能一次一条线地发送到 TIA上面。

    • 2600的TIA只能处理6种元素,游戏背景场地,两个精灵(8像素线),一个球(单像素点)和两个火箭(2像素线),组合成的画面的游戏。

    Pretty sure that the 6507 in that picture has a MOS Tech mark on it, not Motorola. The chip on the bottom (which I think is the TIA, not 100% sure) appears to have a Motorola mark on it, though.

    Dennis - 返信

    Indeed, Motorola did not make the 6502/6507, although they could have. The history is interesting: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6502

    cityzen -

    Oh, and the 6507 has a Rockwell logo on it. Rockwell licensed the 6502/6507 and eventually came out with their own versions. Synertek was another licensee.

    cityzen -

  9. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 9、 1の画像 1
    • 打开电磁屏蔽罩以后,我们可以到主板上的所有部件。

    • 着色调整

    • 声音调谐器

    • 射频调节器

    • 青蓝工程电视转接(TIA)定制芯片(摩托罗拉制造)

    • MOS科技 6532 内存I/O定时器 (RIOT )(Synertek制造)

    • MOS科技 6507 CPU(Rockwell制造)

    • 稳压器(德州仪器制造)

  10. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 10、 2の画像 1 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 10、 2の画像 2
    • 除了那个电路板孔和手画的电路板以外,主板的背面真的没有什么值得看的。

    • 硬件版本号是REV.13

    I think that the giant solder blob underneath the voltage regulator is kind of interesting. I'll have to keep that technique in mind when I need a DIY heatsink in my own projects.

    Also kind of interesting are the wrinkly traces. This is due to "hot air solder levelling" (HASL) where the traces were coated with solder before the solder mask was applied, which helped reduce corrosion and with wetting at nearby joints. During the later wave soldering process, the HASL solder would melt again under the mask, and wrinkle as it cooled down. You can see this on a lot of 1970s and 1980s PCBs.

    Curt Sampson - 返信

  11. 雅达利 2600拆解: 手順 11、 1の画像 1
    • 一共5个零件,来个全家福

    • 我们给这个雅达利2600可维修指数大大的满分,全部的元件都是直接穿孔焊接在电路板上的,完全可以自己动手更换零件。

    • 遗憾地告诉大家,我们并没有雅达利2600的维修零件卖,但是我们有游戏主机零件商店可以帮您(稍微多一点)的主机继续玩下去。

    • 继续关注我们的拆解页面或者博客了解更多中古游戏主机资讯咯。

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17 件のコメント

Your IC ID on this teardown is incorrect.

The Rockwell chip in the middle CO10745 is the 6507 CPU

The Motorola CO10444 is the TIA and the Synertek is the 6532 RIOT IC

-John

Curator

The CPU Shack Museum

www.cpushack.com

John - 返信

Agreed, and I don't get how you guys came to the conclusion of "a great appreciation for [...] hand drawn circuits".

I see nothing but straight lines, which very well could be neatly hand drawn, but just as easily could be CAD'ed.

But otherwise I love your teardowns of classic hardware. Keep them coming!

Michael -

Perhaps they meant to suggest that the traces were laid out manually using a CAD program, as opposed to auto-routed?

cityzen -

Perhaps by "hand drawn" they meant "hand taped," the more usual method for circuit layout. While I have done small boards with a photo-resist pen on the copper or a marker on a mylar mask, it was more usual and easier to use a strong black tape on the copper or the mask. It came in varying widths, and you could also buy stick-on or transfer pads for through-holes and sets of pads for ICs. When taping out stuff it was definitely easier to do straight lines than curves!

Curt Sampson -

The 6507 isn't just "slimmer", it has a smaller address space and no interrupts.

mattack - 返信

It is said to be a 6502 die inside of a smaller package without all of the pads bonded to pins.

cityzen -

Also, the TIA is not a 6505 as Step 9 states. According to Hyperlink (last image) the 6505 is only 28 pins (the TIA is 40), and according to Hyperlink the 6505 is a feature-reduced version of the 6502 CPU, much as the 6507 is.

ajfranzman - 返信

Note that some of the 2600 consoles had (very slightly) different lengths of screws, and putting them in wrong would tear up the traces on the board. http://www.atarimuseum.com/videogames/co...

jrehwin - 返信

The article you linked mentions "two sizes of self-tapping screw". Self-tapping screws were only used in the consoles with six switches on the front, from the first two production runs. The issue was resolved by the time those with four front switches were made, like the one used for illustration of this article.

ajfranzman -

Any one who laid out PCBs back in those days did it by cutting rubyliths or using press on black tape to clear mylar film hence hand drawn or laid. I did many of them in the early 1970s while working at Purdue or Magic Dot in MPLS.

Dave Colglazier orgwood@iaxs.net

orgwood - 返信

Esa FUE mi primer consola y con esa aprendi ELECTRONICA yo la limpiaba y la reparaba …… Que buena epoca esa

Edgardo Alvayero - 返信

Hi my Atari 2600 got modified to suit a digital HD tv but the background for the games on every console is either green, 3 vertical colours or snowy is it a console or cartridge issue what to do?

Mario - 返信

Go to atariage.com, and ask question.

radiorob1 -

I had a 2600 when I was a kid I loved it

jhoneycutt323 - 返信

Awesome! This console was the reason for my entrance into Electronics as a Technician.

Mike Niner Bravog - 返信

Belle jouex classic

عويد Glace - 返信

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