How to determine which components i.e. resistors, diodes are what?

I don't think you understood correctly I have a multimeter I have a schematic I have a board view. With the board view though I still have trouble finding things so I just wanted to know how to visually identify different components. Also when I said put it onto continuity and place one probe blah blah blah I was just using that as an example of the kind of info I was looking for not as a fact thanks again

So you can't look at the MOSFETs on there and tell that there MOSFETs or look at fuses on there and tell there fuses etc. And how do you know when thing like resistors transistors fuses are bad how do you teat them and what do I look for

You need to use your schematic, board layout diagram and your multimeter to check your components as described in my original answer. Ohmmeter for resistance , capacitance meter for capacitors and transistor tester or oscilloscope for the mosfets and coils.Fuses are best checked by continuity testing with your multimeter. I tried to explain this in my answer but you expressed that I did not understand you correctly and " just wanted to know how to visually identify different components. "