Just add some clarity to this issue. The issue is without a doubt related to a low voltage state being asserted in order to improve battery life (slightly). The voltage is too low to be stable on this CPU. When the cpu goes into this state it will silently crash (as you are seeing). This is also why it happens more frequently on battery.
This was observed with external voltage monitoring equipment, as well as with the Intel Power Gadget.
We developed a simple app that ensures this low voltage state will never be asserted, and thus the crash will never occur. Guaranteed to work, and has already been used to fix many MacBook Pros all over the world.
https://realmacmods.com/product/macbook-pro-nocrash-utility/
-Adam
Real Mac Mods